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Corned beef seems to have originated in Ireland and Scotland, but was commonly used throughout the British Empire for the past 400 years. I assume the cooking and salting process makes it last much longer without going bad, which would make sense for long voyages.
On the other hand, the inflation rate in Japan has averaged close to 0% for the past 30 years. Japan used to be considered an expensive country, but now I think it’s safe to say that it’s cheaper than much of North America and Europe