On my search i found SQLPad, but its a legacy project in maintenance mode, so you may know something better? (An container with both Database System and integraded Webgui would also work, as long its an classic sql language - but i don’t know if something like this even exists besides phpmyadmin desktop version - and while writing this i noticed that there exist also a container for this one 😂 - but you may know a insider tip?)
I can’t attest to any of these but there are a few tools on this list that look to fit your request.
https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted#database-management